Insights on a new peace agreement for the Middle East

SOUTH BEND, Ind --  A new 20-point peace agreement between Israel and Palestine, headed by President Donald Trump, was adopted Monday — securing the release of 20 Israeli hostages in exchange for over 1,000 Palestinian prisoners.

The deal also includes plans to bring humanitarian aid into Gaza and begin rebuilding efforts following years of devastation.

Rabbi Michael Friedland of Sinai Synagogue in South Bend said the news brought relief and joy, especially as it coincides with the Jewish New Year.

“Watching the mothers welcome their children after two years of horrid captivity was just wonderful,” Friedland said. “Many of these mothers thought they'd never see their kids again.”

But experts caution that the agreement may not lead to lasting peace.

Notre Dame Professor Michael Desch said both Hamas and the current Israeli government have incentives not to fully comply with the deal.

“Hamas… wants to continue to be influential in the Palestinian liberation movement,” Desch said. “And, likewise, Netanyahu’s coalition includes parties committed to reoccupying Gaza.”

The plan has also drawn criticism for lacking accountability measures. The International Criminal Court issued a warrant nearly a year ago for Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, accusing him of war crimes — yet the peace plan does not address potential consequences for Israeli actions during the conflict.

“The people responsible for the destruction of Gaza are still in power,” said Atalia Omer, professor of religion, conflict and peace studies at Notre Dame. “There’s no discussion in the plan of imposing sanctions.”

While the agreement marks a significant step toward de-escalation, local leaders and scholars say the future remains uncertain.